3 results
P-points, MAD families and Cardinal Invariants
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- Osvaldo Guzmán González
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- Journal:
- Bulletin of Symbolic Logic / Volume 28 / Issue 2 / June 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 June 2022, pp. 258-260
- Print publication:
- June 2022
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The main topics of this thesis are cardinal invariants, P -points and
MAD families. Cardinal invariants of the continuum are cardinal numbers that are bigger than $\aleph _{0}$ and smaller or equal than $\mathfrak {c}.$ Of course, they are only interesting when they have some combinatorial or topological definition. An almost disjoint family is a family of infinite subsets of $\omega $ such that the intersection of any two of its elements is finite. AMAD family is a maximal almost disjoint family. An ultrafilter $\mathcal {U}$ on $\omega $ is called a P-point if every countable $\mathcal {B\subseteq U}$ there is $X\in $ $\mathcal {U}$ such that $X\setminus B$ is finite for every $B\in \mathcal {B}.$ This kind of ultrafilters has been extensively studied, however there is still a large number of open questions about them.In the preliminaries we recall the principal properties of filters, ultrafilters, ideals,
MAD families and cardinal invariants of the continuum. We present the construction of Shelah, Mildenberger, Raghavan, and Steprāns of a completely separableMAD family under $\mathfrak {s\leq a}.$ None of the results in this chapter are due to the author.The second chapter is dedicated to a principle of Sierpiński. The principle $\left ( \ast \right ) $ of Sierpiński is the following statement: There is a family of functions $\left \{ \varphi _{n}:\omega _{1}\longrightarrow \omega _{1}\mid n\in \omega \right \} $ such that for every $I\in \left [ \omega _{1}\right ] ^{\omega _{1}}$ there is $n\in \omega $ for which $\varphi _{n}\left [ I\right ] =\omega _{1}.$ This principle was recently studied by Arnie Miller. He showed that this principle is equivalent to the following statement: There is a set $X=\left \{ f_{\alpha }\mid \alpha <\omega _{1}\right \} \subseteq \omega ^{\omega }$ such that for every $g:\omega \longrightarrow \omega $ there is $\alpha $ such that if $\beta>\alpha $ then $f_{\beta }\cap g$ is infinite (sets with that property are referred to as $\mathcal {IE}$ -Luzin sets ). Miller showed that the principle of Sierpiński implies that
non $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) =\omega _{1}.$ He asked if the converse was true, i.e., doesnon $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) =\omega _{1}$ imply the principle $\left ( \ast \right ) $ of Sierpiński? We answer his question affirmatively. In other words, we show thatnon $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) =\omega _{1}$ is enough to construct an $\mathcal {IE}$ -Luzin set. It is not hard to see that the $\mathcal {IE}$ -Luzin set we constructed is meager. This is no coincidence, because with the aid of an inaccessible cardinal, we construct a model wherenon $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) =\omega _{1}$ and every $\mathcal {IE}$ -Luzin set is meager.The third chapter is dedicated to a conjecture of Hrušák. Michael Hrušák conjectured the following: Every Borel cardinal invariant is either at most
non $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) $ or at leastcov $\left ( \mathcal {M}\right ) $ (it is known that the definability is an important requirement, otherwise $\mathfrak {a}$ would be a counterexample). Although the veracity of this conjecture is still an open problem, we were able to obtain some partial results: The conjecture is false for “Borel invariants of $\omega _{1}^{\omega }$ ” nevertheless, it is true for a large class of definable invariants. This is part of a joint work with Michael Hrušák and Jindřich Zapletal.In the fourth chapter we present a survey on destructibility of ideals and
MAD families. We prove several classic theorems, but we also prove some new results. For example, we show that every almost disjoint family of size less than $\mathfrak {c}$ can be extended to a Cohen indestructibleMAD family is equivalent to $\mathfrak {b=c}$ (this is part of a joint work with Michael Hrušák, Ariet Ramos, and Carlos Martínez). AMAD family $\mathcal {A}$ is Shelah–Steprāns if for every $X\subseteq \left [ \omega \right ] ^{<\omega }\setminus \left \{ \emptyset \right \} $ either there is $A\in \mathcal {I}\left ( \mathcal {A}\right ) $ such that $s\cap A\neq \emptyset $ for every $s\in X$ or there is $B\in \mathcal {I}\left ( \mathcal {A}\right ) $ that contains infinitely many elements of X (where $\mathcal {I}\left ( \mathcal {A}\right ) $ denotes the ideal generated by $\mathcal {A}$ ). This concept was introduced by Raghavan which is connected to the notion of “strongly separable” introduced by Shelah and Steprāns. We prove that Shelah–SteprānsMAD families have very strong indestructibility properties: Shelah–SteprānsMAD families are indestructible for “many” definable forcings that does not add dominating reals (this statement will be formalized in the fourth chapter). According to the author’s best knowledge, this is the strongest notion (in terms of indestructibility) that has been considered in the literature so far. In spite of their strong indestructibility, Shelah–SteprānsMAD families can be destroyed by a ccc forcing that does not add unsplit or dominating reals. We also consider some strong combinatorial properties ofMAD families and show the relationships between them (This is part of a joint work with Michael Hrušák, Dilip Raghavan, and Joerg Brendle).The fifth chapter is one of the most important chapters in the thesis. A
MAD family $\mathcal {A}$ is called $+$ -Ramsey if every tree that branches into $\mathcal {I}\left ( \mathcal {A}\right ) $ -positive sets has an $\mathcal {I}\left ( \mathcal {A}\right ) $ -positive branch. Michael Hrušák’s first published question is the following: Is there a $+$ -RamseyMAD family? It was previously known that such families can consistently exist. However, there was no construction of such families using only the axioms ofZFC. We solve this problem by constructing such a family without any extra assumptions.In the fourth and fifth chapters, we introduce several notions of
MAD families, in the sixth chapter we prove several implications and non implications between them. We construct (under $\mathsf {CH}$ ) severalMAD families with different properties.In the seventh chapter we build models without P -points. We show that there are no P -points after adding Silver reals either iteratively or by the side by side product. These results have some important consequences: The first one is that is its possible to get rid of P -points using only definable forcings. This answers a question of Michael Hrušák. We can also use our results to build models with no P -points and with arbitrarily large continuum, which was also an open question. These results were obtained with David Chodounský.
Abstract prepared by Osvaldo Guzmán González
E-mail : oguzman@matmor.unam.mx
THE ONTO MAPPING OF SIERPINSKI AND NONMEAGER SETS
- OSVALDO GUZMÁN GONZÁLEZ
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Symbolic Logic / Volume 82 / Issue 3 / September 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 May 2017, pp. 958-965
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- September 2017
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The principle (*) of Sierpinski is the assertion that there is a family of functions $\left\{ {{\varphi _n}:{\omega _1} \to {\omega _1}|n \in \omega } \right\}$ such that for every $I \in {[{\omega _1}]^{{\omega _1}}}$ there is n ε ω such that ${\varphi _n}[I] = {\omega _1}$. We prove that this principle holds if there is a nonmeager set of size ω1 answering question of Arnold W. Miller. Combining our result with a theorem of Miller it then follows that (*) is equivalent to $non\left( {\cal M} \right) = {\omega _1}$. Miller also proved that the principle of Sierpinki is equivalent to the existence of a weak version of a Luzin set, we will construct a model where all of these sets are meager yet $non\left( {\cal M} \right) = {\omega _1}$.
GENERIC EXISTENCE OF MAD FAMILIES
- OSVALDO GUZMÁN-GONZÁLEZ, MICHAEL HRUŠÁK, CARLOS AZAREL MARTÍNEZ-RANERO, ULISES ARIET RAMOS-GARCÍA
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- Journal:
- The Journal of Symbolic Logic / Volume 82 / Issue 1 / March 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 March 2017, pp. 303-316
- Print publication:
- March 2017
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In this note we study generic existence of maximal almost disjoint (MAD) families. Among other results we prove that Cohen-indestructible families exist generically if and only if b = c. We obtain analogous results for other combinatorial properties of MAD families, including Sacks-indestructibility and being +-Ramsey.